Since last week, 97 total vulnerabilities have emerged in public disclosure. They may affect over two million WordPress sites. There are 50 plugin vulnerabilities with security patches, so run those updates!
Additionally, there are 47 plugin vulnerabilities with no patch available yet. If you use an unpatched plugin or theme, check their vendors’ intentions and progress on a security release. Suppose no patch is forthcoming or the vulnerable software has been marked “closed” and dropped from the official WordPress theme and plugin repositories. In that case, you should consider deactivation and removal in favor of alternative solutions.
WordPress Core Vulnerabilities — Patched
WordPress core is very secure when it’s properly configured and maintained. Vulnerable plugins not updated by site owners are the most common vector for attacks on WordPress websites. Our weekly WordPress Vulnerability Report, powered by Patchstack, covers new vulnerabilities that have emerged in plugins, themes, and/or WordPress core since last week’s report. Our goal is to spread awareness of emerging security threats and help you decide what to do if you find vulnerable software on your website. For a deeper analysis of recent trends in WordPress vulnerabilities and threat vectors, see our 2022 Annual Vulnerability Report.
These reports are published every Wednesday and include all active vulnerabilities tracked by Patchstack as of Monday since the previous report. This leaves a 48-hour window for the newest emerging vulnerabilities to be patched before full public disclosure. iThemes Security Pro users have access to vulnerability alerts emerging within this window.
Get the weekly WordPress Vulnerability Report delivered to your inbox each Wednesday.
WordPress Plugin Vulnerabilities — Patched
In this section, you’ll find the most recently disclosed WordPress plugin vulnerabilities fixed with a new release from their authors and maintainers. Please apply the updates if you are affected!
These vulnerabilities have been disclosed and scored for their severity, thanks to our friends at Patchstack. Each plugin listing includes the type of vulnerability with its CVE number and CVSS severity rating with links to more technical details. You’ll also see the number of active sites using the plugin and the plugin version release that patches the vulnerability. We start with the most popular plugins, representing the largest target for attackers.
Table of Contents Plus
- Plugin Slug
- table-of-contents-plus
- Installations
- 300,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- 2309
- Severity Score
- Medium
ProfilePress
- Plugin Slug
- wp-user-avatar
- Installations
- 200,000+
- Vulnerability
- Sensitive Data Exposure
- Patched in Version
- 4.13.3
- Severity Score
- High
FooGallery
- Plugin Slug
- foogallery
- Installations
- 100,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 2.3.2
- Severity Score
- High
FooGallery
- Plugin Slug
- foogallery
- Installations
- 100,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- 2.3.2
- Severity Score
- Medium
iframe
- Plugin Slug
- iframe
- Installations
- 100,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 4.7
- Severity Score
- Medium
Advanced Custom Fields: Extended
- Plugin Slug
- acf-extended
- Installations
- 80,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 0.8.9.4
- Severity Score
- Medium
Astra Bulk Edit
- Plugin Slug
- astra-bulk-edit
- Installations
- 70,000+
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- 1.2.8
- Severity Score
- Medium
Simple Membership
- Plugin Slug
- simple-membership
- Installations
- 50,000+
- Vulnerability
- Privilege Escalation
- Patched in Version
- 4.3.5
- Severity Score
- High
Simple Membership
- Plugin Slug
- simple-membership
- Installations
- 50,000+
- Vulnerability
- Privilege Escalation
- Patched in Version
- 4.3.5
- Severity Score
- High
Ditty
- Plugin Slug
- ditty-news-ticker
- Installations
- 40,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 3.1.25
- Severity Score
- High
BEAR
- Plugin Slug
- woo-bulk-editor
- Installations
- 30,000+
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- 1.1.4
- Severity Score
- Medium
BEAR
- Plugin Slug
- woo-bulk-editor
- Installations
- 30,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- 1.1.4
- Severity Score
- Medium
Abandoned Cart Lite for WooCommerce
- Plugin Slug
- woocommerce-abandoned-cart
- Installations
- 30,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 5.16.0
- Severity Score
- Medium
WP Job Openings
- Plugin Slug
- wp-job-openings
- Installations
- 30,000+
- Vulnerability
- Sensitive Data Exposure
- Patched in Version
- 3.4.3
- Severity Score
- Low
flowpaper
- Plugin Slug
- flowpaper-lite-pdf-flipbook
- Installations
- 20,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 2.0.4
- Severity Score
- Medium
Simple Cloudflare Turnstile
- Plugin Slug
- simple-cloudflare-turnstile
- Installations
- 20,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 1.23.2
- Severity Score
- Medium
WP Event Manager – Events Calendar, Registrations, Sell Tickets with WooCommerce
- Plugin Slug
- wp-event-manager
- Installations
- 20,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 3.1.38
- Severity Score
- Medium
Inactive Logout
- Plugin Slug
- inactive-logout
- Installations
- 10,000+
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- 3.2.3
- Severity Score
- Medium
Modal Window
- Plugin Slug
- modal-window
- Installations
- 10,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 5.3.6
- Severity Score
- Medium
Options for Twenty Seventeen
- Plugin Slug
- options-for-twenty-seventeen
- Installations
- 10,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 2.5.1
- Severity Score
- Medium
bbp style pack
- Plugin Slug
- bbp-style-pack
- Installations
- 8,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 5.6.8
- Severity Score
- Medium
Brands for WooCommerce
- Plugin Slug
- brands-for-woocommerce
- Installations
- 6,000+
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- 3.8.2.3
- Severity Score
- Medium
WOLF
- Plugin Slug
- bulk-editor
- Installations
- 5,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 1.0.7.2
- Severity Score
- Medium
Active Directory Integration / LDAP Integration
- Plugin Slug
- ldap-login-for-intranet-sites
- Installations
- 5,000+
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- 4.2
- Severity Score
- Low
AI ChatBot
- Plugin Slug
- chatbot
- Installations
- 4,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- 4.7.9
- Severity Score
- Medium
ActivityPub for WordPress
- Plugin Slug
- activitypub
- Installations
- 3,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 1.0.0
- Severity Score
- Medium
ActivityPub for WordPress
- Plugin Slug
- activitypub
- Installations
- 3,000+
- Vulnerability
- Sensitive Data Exposure
- Patched in Version
- 1.0.0
- Severity Score
- Medium
ActivityPub for WordPress
- Plugin Slug
- activitypub
- Installations
- 3,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 1.0.0
- Severity Score
- Medium
ActivityPub for WordPress
- Plugin Slug
- activitypub
- Installations
- 3,000+
- Vulnerability
- Sensitive Data Exposure
- Patched in Version
- 1.0.0
- Severity Score
- Medium
Checkfront Online Booking System
- Plugin Slug
- checkfront-wp-booking
- Installations
- 3,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- 3.7
- Severity Score
- Medium
DoLogin Security
- Plugin Slug
- dologin
- Installations
- 3,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 3.7
- Severity Score
- High
Import XML and RSS Feeds
- Plugin Slug
- import-xml-feed
- Installations
- 3,000+
- Vulnerability
- Remote Code Execution (RCE)
- Patched in Version
- 2.1.5
- Severity Score
- Critical
Import XML and RSS Feeds
- Plugin Slug
- import-xml-feed
- Installations
- 3,000+
- Vulnerability
- Arbitrary File Upload
- Patched in Version
- 2.1.4
- Severity Score
- Critical
Track The Click
- Plugin Slug
- track-the-click
- Installations
- 3,000+
- Vulnerability
- SQL Injection
- Patched in Version
- 0.3.12
- Severity Score
- High
Anchor Episodes Index (Spotify for Podcasters)
- Plugin Slug
- anchor-episodes-index
- Installations
- 2,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 2.1.8
- Severity Score
- Medium
Comment Blacklist Updater
- Plugin Slug
- comment-blacklist-updater
- Installations
- 2,000+
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- 1.2.0
- Severity Score
- Medium
Instant CSS
- Plugin Slug
- instant-css
- Installations
- 2,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- 1.2.2
- Severity Score
- Medium
Pretty Google Calendar
- Plugin Slug
- pretty-google-calendar
- Installations
- 2,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 1.6.0
- Severity Score
- Medium
OpenHook
- Plugin Slug
- thesis-openhook
- Installations
- 2,000+
- Vulnerability
- Remote Code Execution (RCE)
- Patched in Version
- 4.3.1
- Severity Score
- Critical
BuddyMeet
- Plugin Slug
- buddymeet
- Installations
- 1,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 2.3.0
- Severity Score
- Medium
Pre-Publish Checklist
- Plugin Slug
- pre-publish-checklist
- Installations
- 1,000+
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- 1.1.2
- Severity Score
- Medium
Simple Posts Ticker
- Plugin Slug
- simple-posts-ticker
- Installations
- 1,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 1.1.6
- Severity Score
- Medium
Simple Posts Ticker
- Plugin Slug
- simple-posts-ticker
- Installations
- 1,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 1.1.6
- Severity Score
- Medium
User Avatar – Reloaded
- Plugin Slug
- user-avatar-reloaded
- Installations
- 800+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 1.2.2
- Severity Score
- Medium
Payment gateway per Product for WooCommerce
- Plugin Slug
- woocommerce-product-payments
- Installations
- 500+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 3.2.8
- Severity Score
- High
Staff / Employee Business Directory for Active Directory
- Plugin Slug
- ldap-ad-staff-employee-directory-search
- Installations
- 10+
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- 1.3
- Severity Score
- Low
Modern Events Calendar lite
- Plugin
- Modern Events Calendar Lite
- Plugin Slug
- modern-events-calendar-lite
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 7.1.0
- Severity Score
- Medium
Tiger Forms
- Plugin Slug
- tiger-form
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 2.1.0
- Severity Score
- High
User Activity Log Pro
- Plugin
- User Activity Log Pro
- Plugin Slug
- user-activity-log-pro
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- 2.3.4
- Severity Score
- High
User Activity Log Pro
- Plugin
- User Activity Log Pro
- Plugin Slug
- user-activity-log-pro
- Vulnerability
- Bypass Vulnerability
- Patched in Version
- 2.3.4
- Severity Score
- Medium
WordPress Plugin Vulnerabilities — Unpatched
This section contains plugin vulnerabilities with no known fix. Until a patch is available, you are advised to deactivate the plugin, at minimum, immediately. If there is a high risk of active exploits or the plugin remains unpatched for weeks, you are advised to delete the plugin. You should also delete persistently unpatched plugins the WordPress.org repository has locked and marked “Closed” so they can no longer be downloaded and installed.
Popup Builder
- Plugin Slug
- popup-builder
- Installations
- 200,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Unyson
- Plugin Slug
- unyson
- Installations
- 200,000+
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Media Library Assistant
- Plugin Slug
- media-library-assistant
- Installations
- 70,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Timthumb Vulnerability Scanner
- Plugin Slug
- timthumb-vulnerability-scanner
- Installations
- 40,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Mang Board WP
- Plugin Slug
- mangboard
- Installations
- 10,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Mediavine Control Panel
- Plugin Slug
- mediavine-control-panel
- Installations
- 10,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Schema App Structured Data
- Plugin Slug
- schema-app-structured-data-for-schemaorg
- Installations
- 10,000+
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Block Plugin Update
- Plugin Slug
- block-specific-plugin-updates
- Installations
- 7,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Simple File List
- Plugin Slug
- simple-file-list
- Installations
- 5,000+
- Vulnerability
- Arbitrary File Deletion
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- High
WP Job Portal
- Plugin Slug
- wp-job-portal
- Installations
- 3,000+
- Vulnerability
- SQL Injection
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Critical
WP Adminify
- Plugin Slug
- adminify
- Installations
- 2,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Blocks
- Plugin Slug
- blocks
- Installations
- 1,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Contact Form
- Plugin Slug
- contact-form-ready
- Installations
- 1,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Timely Booking Button
- Plugin Slug
- timely-booking-button
- Installations
- 1,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Tiny Carousel Horizontal Slider
- Plugin Slug
- tiny-carousel-horizontal-slider
- Installations
- 1,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Woocommerce ESTO
- Plugin Slug
- woo-esto
- Installations
- 1,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
WP Hide Pages
- Plugin Slug
- wp-hide-pages
- Installations
- 1,000+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Popup contact form
- Plugin Slug
- popup-contact-form
- Installations
- 900+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Popup contact form
- Plugin Slug
- popup-contact-form
- Installations
- 900+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Social Metrics
- Plugin Slug
- social-metrics
- Installations
- 900+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
The Awesome Feed – Custom Feed
- Plugin Slug
- wp-facebook-feed
- Installations
- 900+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Onclick Show Popup
- Plugin Slug
- onclick-show-popup
- Installations
- 400+
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Slideshow, Image Slider by 2J
- Plugin
- Images Slideshow by 2J
- Plugin Slug
- 2j-slideshow
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Add Shortcodes Actions And Filters
- Plugin
- Add Shortcodes Actions And Filters
- Plugin Slug
- add-actions-and-filters
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Contractor Contact Form Website to Workflow Tool
- Plugin
- Contractor Contact Form Website to Workflow Tool
- Plugin Slug
- contractor-contact-form-website-to-workflow-tool
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- High
Cooked
- Plugin
- Cooked
- Plugin Slug
- cooked
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
CopyRightPro
- Plugin
- CopyRightPro
- Plugin Slug
- copyrightpro
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Comments by Startbit
- Plugin
- Comments by Startbit
- Plugin Slug
- facebook-comment-by-vivacity
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Font Awesome Integration
- Plugin
- Font Awesome Integration
- Plugin Slug
- font-awesome-integration
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Font Awesome More Icons
- Plugin
- Font Awesome More Icons
- Plugin Slug
- font-awesome-more-icons
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Contact form Form For All
- Plugin
- Contact form Form For All
- Plugin Slug
- formforall
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Keap Landing Pages
- Plugin
- Keap Landing Pages
- Plugin Slug
- infusionsoft-landing-pages
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Backend Localization
- Plugin
- Backend Localization
- Plugin Slug
- kau-boys-backend-localization
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Kv TinyMCE Editor Add Fonts
- Plugin
- Kv TinyMCE Editor Add Fonts
- Plugin Slug
- kv-tinymce-editor-fonts
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Magic Action Box
- Plugin
- Magic Action Box
- Plugin Slug
- magic-action-box
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Remove slug from custom post type
- Plugin
- Remove slug from custom post type
- Plugin Slug
- remove-slug-from-custom-post-type
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
WP Responsive header image slider
- Plugin
- WP Responsive header image slide
- Plugin Slug
- responsive-header-image-slider
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Events Rich Snippets for Google
- Plugin
- Events Rich Snippets for Google
- Plugin Slug
- rich-snippets-vevents
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- High
Shockingly Simple Favicon
- Plugin
- Shockingly Simple Favicon
- Plugin Slug
- shockingly-simple-favicon
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
TM WooCommerce Compare & Wishlist
- Plugin
- TM WooCommerce Compare & Wishlist
- Plugin Slug
- tm-woocommerce-compare-wishlist
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
Vrm 360 3D Model Viewer
- Plugin
- Vrm 360 3D Model Viewer
- Plugin Slug
- vrm360
- Vulnerability
- Sensitive Data Exposure
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
WP Captcha
- Plugin
- WP Captcha
- Plugin Slug
- wp-captcha
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
WP Captcha
- Plugin
- WP Captcha
- Plugin Slug
- wp-captcha
- Vulnerability
- Bypass Vulnerability
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
WP GPX Maps
- Plugin
- WP GPX Map
- Plugin Slug
- wp-gpx-maps
- Vulnerability
- Broken Access Control
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
WP Jump Menu
- Plugin
- WP Jump Menu
- Plugin Slug
- wp-jump-menu
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
WP Site Protector
- Plugin
- WP Site Protector
- Plugin Slug
- wp-site-protector
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
WWM Social Share On Image Hover
- Plugin
- WWM Social Share On Image Hover
- Plugin Slug
- wwm-social-share-on-image-hover
- Vulnerability
- Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
- Patched in Version
- No Fix
- Severity Score
- Medium
WordPress Theme Vulnerabilities
In this section, you’ll find the latest WordPress theme vulnerabilities to be disclosed. You’ll see the same information we provided above for vulnerable plugins, and the same advice applies. If a security update exists, install it immediately. If a vulnerability remains unpatched in a theme you are actively using, you must find an alternative theme. Deactivate and delete persistently unpatched themes and those marked “Closed” in the WordPress.org theme repository. If you have a vulnerable theme installed that you are not actively using, delete it.

Dan Knauss is StellarWP’s Technical Content Generalist. He’s been a writer, teacher, and freelancer working in open source since the late 1990s and with WordPress since 2004.